Structured Nutritional Data & Citations
Food Item: Kiwi (Green, Actinidia deliciosa)
1. Nutritional Composition
| Nutrient Group | Per 100g (Raw, Peeled) | Per Standard Serving (1 Medium Fruit ≈ 76g, Raw, Peeled) |
|---|---|---|
| Energy | 61 kcal | 46 kcal |
| Macronutrients | ||
| Protein | 1.14 g | 0.87 g |
| Carbohydrates | 14.66 g | 11.14 g |
| - Sugars | 8.99 g | 6.83 g |
| - Fiber | 3.0 g | 2.28 g |
| Fat | 0.52 g | 0.40 g |
| - Saturated Fat | 0.029 g | 0.022 g |
| - Monounsat. Fat | 0.038 g | 0.029 g |
| - Polyunsat. Fat | 0.297 g | 0.226 g |
| Water | 83.07 g | 63.13 g |
2. Key Micronutrients (Per 100g, Raw, Peeled)
- Vitamins:
- Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid): 92.7 mg (103% DV) - Excellent source
- Vitamin K (Phylloquinone): 40.3 µg (34% DV) - Good source
- Vitamin E (Alpha-tocopherol): 1.46 mg (10% DV)
- Folate (B9): 25 µg (6% DV)
- Choline: 7.8 mg
- Minerals:
- Potassium: 312 mg (7% DV) - Good source
- Copper: 0.130 mg (14% DV)
- Manganese: 0.098 mg (4% DV)
- Magnesium: 17 mg (4% DV)
- Phosphorus: 34 mg (3% DV)
- Calcium: 34 mg (3% DV)
- Antioxidants & Bioactive Compounds:
- Actinidin: A proteolytic enzyme aiding protein digestion.
- Polyphenols: Including flavonoids and phenolic acids.
- Carotenoids: Such as lutein and zeaxanthin.
3. Functional Impact
- Glycemic Index (GI): Low (GI ≈ 52).
- Glycemic Load (GL): Low (GL ≈ 6 per 76g serving).
- Satiety Score: Moderate-High. The high fiber and water content contribute to sustained fullness and modest caloric density.
4. Physical Properties
- Density: Approximately 0.97 g/cm³ (raw, peeled).
- Volumetric Contraction (after cooking/reduction): Significant (>25% volumetric reduction) due to high water content and breakdown of cell walls under heat. Water loss is primary driver.
5. Citations & References
- USDA FoodData Central. (n.d.). Kiwi fruit, green, raw. FDC ID: 170176. Accessed from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/170176/nutrients on October 26, 2023.
- Foster-Powell, K., Holt, S. H. A., & Brand-Miller, J. C. (2002). International table of glycemic index and glycemic load values: 2002. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 76(1), 5-56.
Field Notes: Dr. Aria Vance
Subject: Kiwi
Focus: Volumetric expansion/contraction, historical context, tracking challenges.
Why Kiwi Is Difficult to Track
Journal Entry: Dr. Aria Vance – Lead Nutrition Data Scientist, NutriSnap
Date: 2023-10-26
The kiwi. Nature's small, verdant enigma. I've spent days on this fuzzy green mystery, and frankly, my patience is wearing thin. We started with the historical dive – fascinating, truly. Originally "Mihoutao" from China, then became the "Chinese Gooseberry," before those savvy New Zealanders rebranded it "kiwifruit" in the 1950s, a nod to their national bird. What a marketing masterstroke! From an obscure berry to a global powerhouse.
But tracking its actual nutritional impact? That's where the magic, or rather, the madness, begins. Forget the tidy data above for a second. That's for a perfectly peeled, standardized 100-gram portion. A unicorn. In the wild, kiwis are statistical chameleons.
First, size variation is a beast. You buy a bag, and you get what? A tiny, golf-ball sized one next to a plump, almost avocado-sized specimen. Both are "kiwis." If I tell a user, "one medium kiwi is X calories," what even is "medium"? It's a semantic trap! The perceived "medium" in one household could be a "small" in another, leading to a 20-30% caloric discrepancy per fruit, easy.
Then there's the peeling. Some people eat the skin! A brave few, I'll grant you, but they do exist. That fuzzy coat, while a significant source of fiber and antioxidants, changes the net weight, the actual consumable mass. So, do we track it with skin or without? Most databases default to peeled, but human behavior isn't default. Scooped, sliced, or blended into a smoothie – each preparation method fundamentally alters how much of the fruit, and its accompanying caloric and macro load, is truly ingested and therefore should be tracked.
Manual logging is a joke. "Oh, I had one kiwi." Which one? The firm, slightly under-ripe one that felt dense, or the sweet, yielding one that was practically liquid inside? Ripeness influences density. A softer fruit, though perhaps sweeter, might actually weigh less due to moisture loss. Scales? Who wants to pull out a kitchen scale, meticulously peel, weigh, re-weigh, every single time they want a quick snack? It’s cumbersome. It's tedious. Barcodes don't exist for individual fruits. Nutritional ninjas, indeed.
This exact kind of variability, this inherent fuzziness in a fuzzy fruit, is precisely why NutriSnap exists. My team, we’re not just crunching numbers; we're deconstructing dietary dilemmas like this one. Our AI, with its forensic visual analysis, looks at your kiwi, its specific size, estimated density, even subtly accounts for peel presence or absence, all from a simple photo. It cuts through the statistical noise, the culinary chaos. Finally, a solution for the everyday human who just wants to know what they ate, without needing a PhD in pomology or a lab full of precision instruments. It's about time.
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