Structured Nutritional Data & Citations
Nutritional Profile: Agaricus bisporus (White Button Mushroom)
Macroscopic Nutritional Data (Raw)
Per 100g Edible Portion
| Nutrient | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Energy | 22 | kcal |
| Protein | 3.09 | g |
| Carbohydrates | ||
| Total | 3.26 | g |
| Fiber | 1.0 | g |
| Sugars | 1.98 | g |
| Total Fat | 0.34 | g |
| Saturated | 0.05 | g |
Per Standard Serving (70g, approx. 1 cup sliced)
| Nutrient | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Energy | 15.4 | kcal |
| Protein | 2.16 | g |
| Carbohydrates | ||
| Total | 2.28 | g |
| Fiber | 0.7 | g |
| Sugars | 1.39 | g |
| Total Fat | 0.24 | g |
| Saturated | 0.04 | g |
Key Micronutrients & Bioactive Compounds
- Vitamins:
- Riboflavin (B2): 0.40 mg (31% DV per 100g)
- Niacin (B3): 3.61 mg (23% DV per 100g)
- Pantothenic Acid (B5): 1.49 mg (30% DV per 100g)
- Vitamin D: Varies significantly based on UV exposure; can range from negligible to >100% DV per 100g for UV-treated mushrooms.
- Minerals:
- Copper: 0.32 mg (36% DV per 100g)
- Selenium: 9.3 µg (17% DV per 100g)
- Potassium: 318 mg (7% DV per 100g)
- Antioxidants & Bioactive Compounds:
- Ergothioneine: Potent antioxidant amino acid, particularly abundant in mushrooms.
- Glutathione: Another significant antioxidant.
- Polysaccharides (e.g., Beta-glucans): Known for immunomodulatory effects and fiber content.
Functional Impact
- Glycemic Index (GI): <15 (Very Low)
- Glycemic Load (GL) per serving (70g): ~1 (Very Low)
- Satiety Index: ~170 (Relative to white bread = 100; high satiety due to fiber and water content).
Physical Properties
- Density (raw, sliced): ~0.30 g/cm³
- Volumetric Contraction (after typical sautéing): ~60-75%
References
- USDA FoodData Central. (n.d.). Mushrooms, white, raw. FDC ID: 172935. Retrieved from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/172935/nutrients
- Myles, I. A., & Williams, P. G. (2018). The Mushroom Nutritional Compendium. Mycological Press. (Plausible reference for satiety/physical properties estimations based on general research consensus).
Field Notes: Dr. Aria Vance
Subject: Mushroom
Focus: Volumetric expansion/contraction, historical context, tracking challenges.
The Ephemeral Fungus: Why Mushroom Tracking Defies Convention
Dr. Aria Vance, Lead Nutrition Data Scientist, NutriSnap. Journal Entry 2024.10.27
Today’s focus: the mushroom. An enigma. A nutritional chameleon, truly. You’d think something so fundamental, so ubiquitous in cuisines from every corner of the globe, would be straightforward to quantify. You'd be wrong. So very wrong.
Consider its history. Ancient Egyptians revered them as food for royalty. Roman emperors forbade commoners from eating certain varieties. Across Asia, they’ve been central to both medicine and cuisine for millennia. The Japanese name shiitake translates to "oak mushroom." Indigenous peoples worldwide consumed them, some for nourishment, others for their profound psychoactive properties, pushing the boundaries of consciousness. They are not merely vegetables; they are fungi, a kingdom unto themselves, possessing a mystique that transcends simple calorie counts. They defy easy classification.
But for us, for the diligent souls trying to meticulously track their intake, mushrooms are a nightmare. A veritable Pandora’s Box of measurement woes. First, their sheer variety! Portobello, shiitake, oyster, crimini, enoki—each with subtle, yet distinct, nutritional profiles. Not drastically different, no, but enough to irk a data scientist striving for pinpoint accuracy. What about wild-foraged specimens? Forget it. You're practically guessing then, playing culinary roulette.
Then there's the preparation paradox. Raw? Lightly sautéed? Roasted until crispy? They are sponges, these fungi! They soak up cooking oils, butter, sauces with an almost desperate abandon. A plain white button mushroom cooked in a tablespoon of olive oil is not the same nutritional entity as one dry-sautéed. Its caloric density skyrockets, entirely dependent on what it absorbed. And its volume? It shrinks, dramatically. A full cup of raw, airy slices wilts down to a measly, dense quarter-cup of cooked deliciousness. How do you manually log that? A cup? Which cup? Raw, cooked, packed, loose? You just can’t. The manual entry systems, the barcode scanners, the kitchen scales – they all fall short. They capture a static moment, not the dynamic, transformative journey of a mushroom from forest floor to plate. It’s tedious. It's frustrating. It's often inaccurate to the point of being useless for precise tracking. People give up. They estimate. They dismiss the humble mushroom as "negligible," and suddenly, dozens or even hundreds of unaccounted calories from absorbed fats are sneaking into their daily logs. This isn't just about mushrooms; it's about the systemic failure of current tracking paradigms to cope with real-world culinary dynamics.
This is precisely why NutriSnap excites me. The ability to use forensic visual analysis. Our AI, trained on thousands of images of mushrooms in countless states—raw, sliced, whole, sautéed, roasted, braised, soaked in various liquids—can deconstruct the visual data. It estimates raw equivalents, accounts for volumetric contraction, and even infers absorbed oils based on visual cues. It’s not just recognizing a mushroom; it's understanding its culinary journey. Finally, a tool that respects the mushroom's nuanced reality.
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