Structured Nutritional Data & Citations
Pasta: Nutritional & Physical Profile
This profile details the common nutritional and physical attributes of enriched durum wheat semolina pasta, both dry and cooked al dente (without added fats or sauces).
1. Macrontutrient & Caloric Breakdown
| Nutrient Group | Per 100g (Dry, Uncooked)¹ | Per 100g (Cooked, No Salt)² | Per Standard Serving (56g Dry / ~140g Cooked)³ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Calories (kcal) | 371 | 158 | 208 kcal (dry) / 221 kcal (cooked) |
| Protein (g) | 13.0 | 5.8 | 7.3 g (dry) / 8.1 g (cooked) |
| Carbohydrates (g) | 74.3 | 30.6 | 41.6 g (dry) / 42.8 g (cooked) |
| - Dietary Fiber (g) | 3.2 | 1.8 | 1.8 g (dry) / 2.5 g (cooked) |
| - Sugars (g) | 2.8 | 0.6 | 1.6 g (dry) / 0.8 g (cooked) |
| Total Fat (g) | 1.5 | 0.9 | 0.8 g (dry) / 1.3 g (cooked) |
| - Saturated Fat (g) | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 g (dry) / 0.3 g (cooked) |
- ¹Data for: Pasta, enriched, dry. FDC ID: 173957.
- ²Data for: Pasta, cooked, enriched, without added salt. FDC ID: 173958.
- ³Standard serving size defined as 56g (2 oz) dry pasta, which yields approximately 140g (~1 cup) cooked pasta.
2. Key Micronutrients (per 100g cooked)
- Vitamins:
- Folate (B9): ~85-100 µg (DV 25%) - Often enriched
- Niacin (B3): ~2.5-3.5 mg (DV 15-20%) - Often enriched
- Thiamin (B1): ~0.3-0.4 mg (DV 25-30%) - Often enriched
- Riboflavin (B2): ~0.1-0.2 mg (DV 10-15%) - Often enriched
- Vitamin K: ~0.8 µg
- Minerals:
- Iron: ~1.2-1.5 mg (DV 7-8%) - Often enriched
- Manganese: ~0.4-0.5 mg (DV 20-25%)
- Selenium: ~30-35 µg (DV 50-60%)
- Copper: ~0.15 mg (DV 15%)
- Phosphorus: ~90-100 mg (DV 10%)
- Magnesium: ~25-30 mg (DV 6-7%)
- Antioxidants: Phenolic compounds are present, particularly in whole wheat varieties. Lignans and ferulic acid contribute to antioxidant potential.
3. Functional Impact
- Glycemic Index (GI):
- Typical Enriched Durum Wheat Pasta (cooked al dente): 40-55 (Low to Medium).
- Overcooked Pasta: Can increase GI due to greater starch gelatinization.
- Whole Wheat Pasta: Typically 30-45 (Low).
- Glycemic Load (GL) per standard serving (~140g cooked):
- Enriched Pasta: ~17-23 (Moderate).
- Whole Wheat Pasta: ~12-18 (Low to Moderate).
- Satiety Score: Moderate. The complex carbohydrates, modest protein content, and presence of dietary fiber (especially resistant starch formed during cooling) contribute to sustained energy release and satiety.
4. Physical Properties
- Density (Dry, Uncooked):
- Solid Material Density (e.g., individual strand): ~1.35-1.45 g/cm³
- Bulk Density (e.g., box of spaghetti): ~0.6-0.8 g/cm³ (due to air pockets)
- Water Absorption & Volumetric Expansion Post-Cooking:
- Mass Increase: Dry pasta typically absorbs 1.5 to 2.5 times its weight in water, increasing its mass significantly.
- Volumetric Expansion: Cooked pasta can increase its volume by approximately 2 to 3 times compared to its dry state.
- Cooked Density: ~0.6-0.8 g/cm³ (pasta floats in water when cooked due to trapped air and lower overall density).
5. Citations & References
- USDA FoodData Central. (n.d.). Pasta, enriched, dry (FDC ID: 465736). Retrieved from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/465736/nutrients
- USDA FoodData Central. (n.d.). Pasta, cooked, enriched, without added salt (FDC ID: 465736). Retrieved from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/465736/nutrients
- Atkinson, F. S., Brand-Miller, J. C., & Foster-Powell, K. (2008). International tables of glycemic index and glycemic load values: 2008. Diabetes Care, 31(12), 2281-2283.
- Foster-Powell, K., Holt, S. H., & Brand-Miller, J. C. (2002). International table of glycemic index and glycemic load values: 2002. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 76(1), 5-56.
Field Notes: Dr. Aria Vance
Subject: Pasta
Focus: Volumetric expansion/contraction, historical context, tracking challenges.
The Manual Tracking Problem: Pasta's Perplexity
Dr. Aria Vance, Lead Nutrition Data Scientist, NutriSnap
Pasta. A global culinary behemoth. A humble starch, truly, yet it has conquered palates from Naples to New York, its origins weaving a complex tapestry through ancient Chinese noodles, eventually blossoming into the dizzying array of shapes and forms we adore today. Forget the Marco Polo myth; pasta's journey is far more organic, rooted deeply in Italian tradition, evolving from simple flour-and-water doughs into the sophisticated artisanal creations lining gourmet shelves. It’s comforting. It’s versatile. And it’s an absolute nightmare for accurate nutritional tracking.
This seemingly innocuous staple, so elemental, so universal, brings out the full spectrum of tracking woes. First, the sheer variety. Rigatoni, fusilli, farfalle, spaghetti. Each shape, a unique geometry. This isn't just aesthetic; it affects surface area, cooking time, and crucially, how it interacts with sauces. A barcode scan? Laughable. It tells you the dry, unenriched, baseline. But who eats dry pasta? Who, pray tell, eats plain cooked pasta? No one.
Then, the cooking process itself. A precise art. Al dente? Soft? The difference isn't merely textural; it's biochemical. Water absorption varies wildly. That means the final weight, the final volume, can fluctuate by a staggering amount, impacting its caloric and macronutrient density directly. And its glycemic response? Dramatically altered. So you dutifully weigh 56g of dry rigatoni. You boil it. Now what? You have 140g, perhaps 150g, depending on how long it sat in the pot. Which number do you log? Most trackers default to the dry weight, assuming a standard water uptake, but real life? That's messy. Very messy.
And the sauces! Oh, the sauces. The true culprits. A creamy Alfredo clings to every groove of a fusilli, a rich bolognese nestles in the tubes of a paccheri. How do you measure the pasta separate from the sauce? You can't. It's a culinary Gordian knot, intertwined and inseparable. You scoop a plate. Is that a cup of pasta with some sauce, or a cup of sauce with some pasta? The eye deceives. Measuring cups for spaghetti? That's a tangled mess, literally. Trying to get a consistent volume of entangled strands is like trying to herd cats. Weighing it all together? Then you're tracking the dish, not the pasta. This is a behavioral quagmire. No one has the time, patience, or kitchen scales to dissect every meal. It's tedious, error-prone, fundamentally flawed. Most people give up.
Enter NutriSnap. A revelation. A quantum leap. Forget the scales. Ditch the guessing. Our AI, honed by millions of real-world food images, performs forensic visual analysis. You simply take a picture. One snap. It identifies the pasta type, estimates its cooked volume, even approximates the sauce ratio. It learns your portion habits. It accounts for the nuance. It's not just tracking; it's understanding. This is how we bring precision to the chaotic, delicious world of actual eating.
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